India has overtaken China to become the most populous country in the world, with a population of 1.4286 billion people, according to the latest data from the United Nations. China is now the second most populous country with a population of 1,4257 billion. The UNFPA’s State of the World Population Report 2023 reveals that India’s population is demographically diverse, with 25 percent in the age group of 0-14 years, 18 percent in the 10 to 19 age group, 26 percent in the 10 to 24 years age group, 68 percent in 15 to 64 years age group, and 7percent above 65 years. While Kerala and Punjab have an ageing population, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have a younger population. This is the first time that India has topped the UN’s list of the most populous countries since the collection of population data began in 1950. The report also predicts that by 2050, India’s population will rise to 1.668 billion, while China’s population will decline to 1.317 billion. The UNFPA emphasizes the need to empower women and girls, ensure gender equality, and promote individual rights and choices to unlock a future of infinite possibilities.
India’s large population has both positive and negative effects on its growth. On the positive side, India’s population can be seen as a huge resource, particularly its large youth population, which can contribute to the country’s economic growth and development. However, on the negative side, India’s large population also poses several challenges, such as high levels of poverty, unemployment, and inequality. It also puts pressure on the country’s natural resources and infrastructure, leading to issues such as environmental degradation, inadequate healthcare, and inadequate education facilities. Additionally, the population growth rate in India is higher than that of many other countries, which makes it difficult for the Government to keep up with the needs of its people, particularly in terms of providing employment opportunities and social welfare programs. Overall, managing India’s large population is crucial for sustainable growth and development.
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