Gourav Sabharwal, Kashish Sabharwal
Sustainable agriculture is crucial for stimulating both developing and developed countries. Agriculture needs modernization and innovation to meet the increasing demands of food for the growing global population and to maintain environmental sustainability simultaneously. Nanotechnology has gained wider attention in food safety improvement and environment protection by augmenting the efficacy of agricultural inputs and giving potent solutions to agricultural issues for improving food security and productivity. Modern agricultural practices have been found to be associated with the degradation of the environment, ecosystems, and land due to agricultural pollution. The incorporation of nanoscale bioagrochemicals such as nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, nanoformulations, and nanosensors in agriculture has revolutionized the traditional agro-practices making them more sustainable, ingenious, and environmentally efficient.
Through the creation of diagnostic instruments and methods, nano-biosensors significantly contribute to the revolutionising of agriculture. When it comes to addressing numerous food, agricultural, and environmental challenges, these sensors are precise, effective, and reasonably priced. In addition to quick temperature, traceability, and humidity monitoring, some of the sensor applications in agriculture include the identification of heavy metal ions, contaminants, microbial load, and diseases. In this review study, we examine the specific agricultural applications and the selectiveness of nanosensors for the target of molecules with immobilised bio receptor probes. These nanosensors’ distinctive qualities, such as their small size, compactness, effectiveness, distinctiveness, sensitivity, and low cost, make them helpful in the agricultural industry. These sensors, which pick up hydrogen peroxide signal waves, are attached to the plant’s leaves. To communicate, plants use hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inside their leaves. They send signals that activate the leaf cells to create compounds that help fend off predators, such as insects, to fix them. Nano sensors consist of nanoscale particles such as nanoscale wires (high sensitivity to detection), carbon nanotubes (high surface area), thin films, nanoparticles and nanomaterial.
The fast improvements in the Nanosciences have a countless impact on agronomic activities and food manufacturing industries. Nanotechnology has a huge ability to suggest keener, robust, worthwhile wrapping constituents, biosensors for the quick recognition of the food pathogens, contaminants as well as further toxins or food additives. It too plays a significant part in developing new group of pesticides with the innocuous carriers, preservation, packing of foodstuffs and food condiments, establishment of natural fiber, exclusion of different toxins from the soil as well as water bodies by means of functionalized nanoparticles and enhancing the shelf life of the vegetables, flowers, and fruits.
Nanotechnology monitors a leading agricultural controlling process, especially by its miniature dimension. Additionally, many potential benefits such as enhancement of food quality and safety, reduction of agricultural inputs, enrichment of absorbing nanoscale nutrients from the soil, etc. allow the application of nanotechnology to be resonant encumbrance. Agriculture, food, and natural resources are a part of those challenges like sustainability, susceptibility, human health, and healthy life. Nanomaterials in agriculture are intended to lessen the amount of chemicals dispersed, reduce nutrient losses during fertilisation, and boost yield through insect and nutrient management. With revolutionary nanotools for the control of quick disease diagnosis, boosting plant nutrient absorption, and other uses, nanotechnology has the potential to advance the agricultural and food industries. Specific applications like nanofertilizers and nanopesticides to track products and nutrient levels to increase productivity without decontaminating soils, waters, and protection against a variety of insect pests and microbial diseases are among the significant interests of using nanotechnology in agriculture.
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