Dr Aditi Sharma
Many a time, after a nice and hearty meal, when you’re finishing it off with a bite of yummy ice cream, ouchhhh…!!!! Your tooth suddenly reminds you of its existence. Well folks, that means you have sensitivity problem. Tooth sensitive to cold is a common complaint that many patients present with to the dentist, and if you are lucky, then chances are that you may just have saved yourself from an impending root canal treatment, or worse still, a tooth extraction.
Sensitive teeth occur when the middle layer of your teeth- the dentin becomes exposed as a result of loss of enamel (the first layer of the tooth) or receding gum tissue (the protective blanket that covers the tooth roots). These dentinal tubules (the exposed dentine) are microscopically porous in nature and allow the stimuli — for example, the hot, cold, or sweet food — to reach the nerve (pulp) in your tooth which results in the pain you feel.
What are the reasons for tooth sensitivity?
Brushing too hard: Over time, brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can wear down enamel and cause the dentin to be exposed. It can also cause recession of the gums (the gum tissue pulls away from the teeth).
* Tooth decay near the gum line.
* As gums move away from a tooth due to conditions such as periodontal disease, the root surtace becomes exposed.
* Inflamed and sore gum tissue may cause sensitivity due to the loss of supporting ligaments, which exposes the root surface that leads directly to the nerve of the tooth.
* Chipped or broken teeth may fill with bacteria from plaque and enter the pulp causing Inflammation.
* Grinding or clenching your teeth may wear down the enamel and expose underlying dentin.
Tooth whitening products: These products may be major contributors to sensitive teeth.
* As the age advances the tooth sensitivity increases due to slow deterioration of the tooth enamel.
* The presence of plaque on the root surfaces can cause sensitivity.
* Some mouthwashes contain acids that can worsen tooth sensitivity if you have exposed dentin (the middle layer of the tooth). The acids further damage the dentin layer of the tooth. If you have dentin sensitivity, ask your dentist about the use of a neutral fluoride solution.
* Regular consumption of foods with a high acid content, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, pickles, and tea, can cause enamel erosion.
* Sensitivity can occur following teeth cleaning, root planing, crown placement, and tooth restoration. Sensitivity caused by dental procedures is temporary, usually disappearing in four to six weeks.
Preventing tooth sensitivity
Some steps you can take to prevent tooth sensitivity include:-
* Maintain good oral hygiene: Continue to follow proper brushing and flossing techniques to thoroughly clean all parts of your teeth and mouth.
* Use a soft bristled tooth brush: This will result in less toothbrush abrasion to the tooth surface and less irritation to your gums. Brush gently and carefully around the gum line so you do not remove more gum tissue.
* Use densitizing toothpaste: There are several brands of toothpaste available for sensitive teeth. With regular use you should notice a decrease in sensitivity. You may need to try several different brands to find the product that works best for you. Another tip, spread a thin layer of the toothpaste on the exposed tooth roots with your finger before you go to bed. Do not use a tartar control toothpaste; rather, use a fluoridated toothpaste.
* Watch w hat ou eat: Frequent consumption of highly acidic foods can gradually dissolve tooth enamel and lead to dentin exposure. They may also aggravate the sensitivity and start the pain reaction.
* Use fluoridated dental products: Daily use of a fluoridated mouth rinse can decrease sensitivity. Ask your dentist about available products for home use.
* Avoid teeth grinding: If you grind or clench your teeth, use a mouth guard at night.
* See your dentist at regular intervals: Get professional tooth cleaning, oral hygiene instructions, and fluoride treatments every six months (or sooner depending on your condition)
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